Shell and tube heat exchangers are a vital component in many industrial processes that require steam generation. These devices consist of a series of tubes, one set carrying the hot fluid (which could be exhaust gases or hot water) and the other set carrying the fluid to be heated (usually water). The hot fluid transfers its heat to the water through the tube walls, causing the water to evaporate and form steam. This steam can then be used for various applications, such as powering turbines, sterilizing equipment, or heating buildings. Shell and tube heat exchangers are favored for their ability to handle high pressures and temperatures, their durability, and their efficiency in transferring heat.